CSS Colors
Colors in CSS can be specified by the following methods:- Hexadecimal colors
- RGB colors
- RGBA colors
- HSL colors
- HSLA colors
- Predefined/Cross-browser color names
Hexadecimal Colors
Hexadecimal color values are supported in all major browsers.A hexadecimal color is specified with: #RRGGBB, where the RR (red), GG (green) and BB (blue) hexadecimal integers specify the components of the color. All values must be between 0 and FF.
For example, the #0000ff value is rendered as blue, because the blue component is set to its highest value (ff) and the others are set to 0.
Example
Define different HEX colors:
#p1 {background-color:#ff0000;} / * red */
#p2 {background-color:#00ff00;} / * green */
#p3 {background-color:#0000ff;} / * blue */
#p2 {background-color:#00ff00;} / * green */
#p3 {background-color:#0000ff;} / * blue */
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#p1 {background-color:#ff0000;}
#p2 {background-color:#00ff00;}
#p3 {background-color:#0000ff;}
#p4 {background-color:#ffff00;}
#p5 {background-color:#ff00ff;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>HEX colors:</p>
<p id="p1">Red</p>
<p id="p2">Green</p>
<p id="p3">Blue</p>
<p id="p4">Yellow</p>
<p id="p5">Cerise</p>
</body>
</html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#p1 {background-color:#ff0000;}
#p2 {background-color:#00ff00;}
#p3 {background-color:#0000ff;}
#p4 {background-color:#ffff00;}
#p5 {background-color:#ff00ff;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>HEX colors:</p>
<p id="p1">Red</p>
<p id="p2">Green</p>
<p id="p3">Blue</p>
<p id="p4">Yellow</p>
<p id="p5">Cerise</p>
</body>
</html>
RGB Colors
RGB color values are supported in all major browsers.An RGB color value is specified with: rgb(red, green, blue). Each parameter (red, green, and blue) defines the intensity of the color and can be an integer between 0 and 255 or a percentage value (from 0% to 100%).
For example, the rgb(0,0,255) value is rendered as blue, because the blue parameter is set to its highest value (255) and the others are set to 0.
Also, the following values define equal color: rgb(0,0,255) and rgb(0%,0%,100%).
Example
Define different RGB colors:
#p1 {background-color:rgb(255,0,0);} / * red */
#p2 {background-color:rgb(0,255,0);} / * green */
#p3 {background-color:rgb(0,0,255);} / * blue */
<!DOCTYPE html>#p2 {background-color:rgb(0,255,0);} / * green */
#p3 {background-color:rgb(0,0,255);} / * blue */
<html>
<head>
<style>
#p1 {background-color:rgb(255,0,0);}
#p2 {background-color:rgb(0,255,0);}
#p3 {background-color:rgb(0,0,255);}
#p4 {background-color:rgb(192,192,192);}
#p5 {background-color:rgb(255,255,0);}
#p6 {background-color:rgb(255,0,255);}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>RGB colors:</p>
<p id="p1">Red</p>
<p id="p2">Green</p>
<p id="p3">Blue</p>
<p id="p4">Grey</p>
<p id="p5">Yellow</p>
<p id="p6">Cerise</p>
</body>
</html>
RGBA Colors
RGBA color values are supported in IE9+, Firefox 3+, Chrome, Safari, and in Opera 10+.RGBA color values are an extension of RGB color values with an alpha channel - which specifies the opacity of the object.
An RGBA color value is specified with: rgba(red, green, blue, alpha). The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (fully opaque).
Example
Define different RGB colors with opacity:
#p1 {background-color:rgba(255,0,0,0.3);} / * red with opacity */
#p2 {background-color:rgba(0,255,0,0.3);} / * green with opacity */
#p3 {background-color:rgba(0,0,255,0.3);} / * blue with opacity */
#p2 {background-color:rgba(0,255,0,0.3);} / * green with opacity */
#p3 {background-color:rgba(0,0,255,0.3);} / * blue with opacity */
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#p1 {background-color:rgba(255,0,0,0.3);}
#p2 {background-color:rgba(0,255,0,0.3);}
#p3 {background-color:rgba(0,0,255,0.3);}
#p4 {background-color:rgba(192,192,192,0.3);}
#p5 {background-color:rgba(255,255,0,0.3);}
#p6 {background-color:rgba(255,0,255,0.3);}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>RGB colors with opacity:</p>
<p id="p1">Red</p>
<p id="p2">Green</p>
<p id="p3">Blue</p>
<p id="p4">Grey</p>
<p id="p5">Yellow</p>
<p id="p6">Cerise</p>
</body>
</html>
HSL Colors
HSL color values are supported in IE9+, Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and in Opera 10+.HSL stands for hue, saturation, and lightness - and represents a cylindrical-coordinate representation of colors.
An HSL color value is specified with: hsl(hue, saturation, lightness).
Hue is a degree on the color wheel (from 0 to 360) - 0 (or 360) is red, 120 is green, 240 is blue. Saturation is a percentage value; 0% means a shade of gray and 100% is the full color. Lightness is also a percentage; 0% is black, 100% is white.
Example
Define different HSL colors:
#p1 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,50%);} / * green */
#p2 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,75%);} / * light green */
#p3 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,25%);} / * dark green */
#p4 {background-color:hsl(120,60%,70%);} / * pastel green */
#p2 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,75%);} / * light green */
#p3 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,25%);} / * dark green */
#p4 {background-color:hsl(120,60%,70%);} / * pastel green */
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#p1 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,50%);}
#p2 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,75%);}
#p3 {background-color:hsl(120,100%,25%);}
#p4 {background-color:hsl(120,60%,70%);}
#p5 {background-color:hsl(290,100%,50%);}
#p6 {background-color:hsl(290,60%,70%);}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>HSL colors:</p>
<p id="p1">Green</p>
<p id="p2">Light green</p>
<p id="p3">Dark green</p>
<p id="p4">Pastel green</p>
<p id="p5">Violet</p>
<p id="p6">Pastel violet</p>
</body>
</html>
HSLA Colors
HSLA color values are supported in IE9+, Firefox 3+, Chrome, Safari, and in Opera 10+.HSLA color values are an extension of HSL color values with an alpha channel - which specifies the opacity of the object.
An HSLA color value is specified with: hsla(hue, saturation, lightness, alpha), where the alpha parameter defines the opacity. The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (fully opaque).
Example
Define different HSL colors with opacity:
#p1 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,50%,0.3);} / * green with opacity */
#p2 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,75%,0.3);} / * light green with opacity */
#p3 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,25%,0.3);} / * dark green with opacity */
#p4 {background-color:hsla(120,60%,70%,0.3);} / * pastel green with opacity */
<!DOCTYPE html>#p2 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,75%,0.3);} / * light green with opacity */
#p3 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,25%,0.3);} / * dark green with opacity */
#p4 {background-color:hsla(120,60%,70%,0.3);} / * pastel green with opacity */
<html>
<head>
<style>
#p1 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,50%,0.3);}
#p2 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,75%,0.3);}
#p3 {background-color:hsla(120,100%,25%,0.3);}
#p4 {background-color:hsla(120,60%,70%,0.3);}
#p5 {background-color:hsla(290,100%,50%,0.3);}
#p6 {background-color:hsla(290,60%,70%,0.3);}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>HSL colors with opacity:</p>
<p id="p1">Green</p>
<p id="p2">Light green</p>
<p id="p3">Dark green</p>
<p id="p4">Pastel green</p>
<p id="p5">Violet</p>
<p id="p6">Pastel violet</p>
</body>
</html>
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